Optimization of Cascaded Control Gains of Grid-Forming Based Energy Conversion System

This paper proposes an optimal tuning of the inner cascaded control gains in the grid-forming configuration. The study delves into the intricacies of the system, presenting a comprehensive mathematical model that describes both the plant and the control. The significance of the optimization algorithm in the tuning of the control gains is highlighted compared to the conventional methods. In high-power applications, where the switching frequency is restricted to limit the power losses, the conventional tuning methods often fall short of achieving optimal performance and the stability of the system. This underscores the need for advanced approaches that can address these limitations and optimize the control gains more effectively. A detailed comparison is conducted between the conventional tuning and the proposed optimization method, in which the objective is to obtain an active power response that is decoupled from the the inner control loops dynamics while ensuring stability and exhibiting acceptable dynamic of the AC voltage loop. By leveraging the optimization algorithm, the control gains are adjusted to achieve this desired behavior, resulting in improved overall performance of the grid-forming-based system.